Fiscal decentralization (corporate finance) is the academic concept that investigates the relationship between the distribution of fiscal powers and responsibilities across different levels of government (e.g., central, regional, local) and the financial decisions, strategies, performance, and governance of corporations. This concept examines how variations in subnational tax policies, regulatory environments, public service provision, and fiscal stability, stemming from decentralized fiscal structures, influence corporate investment, financing choices, location decisions, profitability, and exposure to political and economic risk. Situated at the intersection of public finance, public policy economics, and corporate finance, it explores the implications of governmental fiscal structure for the private sector's financial landscape and contributes to understanding how institutional design affects corporate behavior and market outcomes.